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Specifications:
| Application | Cell culture, molecular biology, cell Signalling | ||
| Storage Temperature | -20°C | ||
| Product Type | Antibiotic | Forms | Liquid |
| Product Brand | MedChem Express | ||
| Product Grade | Analytical grade | Formula | C₄₁H₇₂O₉ |
Ionomycin (SQ23377) is a potent and selective calcium ionophore originally isolated from Streptomyces conglobatus. It exhibits a strong preference for divalent cations in the order Ca²⁺ > Mg²⁺ > Sr²⁺ = Ba²⁺ and is widely used as a pharmacological tool for increasing intracellular calcium concentrations. This calcium mobilizer is also classified as a polyether antibiotic and is commonly employed in apoptosis studies and cellular signaling assays.
Key Applications
- Induces calcium influx into cells by transporting Ca²⁺ across cellular membranes
- Promotes apoptosis and caspase-mediated cleavage (e.g., PARP1 cleavage to 85-kDa fragment)
- Triggers p38 MAPK phosphorylation and inhibits NF-κB activation via Ca²⁺-dependent pathways
- Enhances exosome release, as demonstrated in SKOV3ip cells
- Facilitates PKC activation in response to intracellular Ca²⁺ increases
- Applied in fertility research, including clinical studies for female infertility
Mechanism of Action
Ionomycin increases intracellular calcium by forming complexes with divalent cations and shuttling them across biological membranes. The calcium influx activates various downstream processes such as apoptosis and kinase signaling (e.g., PKC, MAPKs).
In Vitro Data Highlights
- Concentration Used: 2 µM rapidly increases intracellular Ca²⁺ from 50 to 180 nM in LCLC 103H cells
- Apoptotic Markers: DNA fragmentation and PARP cleavage observed
- Low Cytotoxicity: Necrosis detectable in only ~1–5% of treated cells
- Caspase Activation: Monitored using Ac-DEVD-amc assay
- Exosomal Pathway Activation: Increases release of L1-32-containing exosomes
- Signaling Impact: Phosphorylates p38 MAPK and suppresses TNF-α-induced NF-κB activity
Specifications
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Ionomycin calcium salt |
| Molecular Formula | C₄₁H₇₀CaO₉ |
| Molecular Weight | 747.08 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 56092-82-1 |
| Purity | ≥99% |
| Appearance | White powder/crystals |
| Solubility | DMSO or Ethanol (100 mg/mL; needs sonication) |
| Form | Powder |
| Storage Conditions | –20°C (solution stable for 2 years) |
| Shipping | Room temperature (continental US) |
| Initial Source | Streptomyces conglobatus |
Related Antibodies for Downstream Analysis
- Annexin VI, ALIX, COX IV, Cytochrome C, PKCε, Cleaved-PARP1, and more for apoptosis and exosome studies.
Clinical Research Involvement
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Phase |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06106412 | Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, IVI VALENCIA | Female Infertility | NA |
| NCT03678610 | Ibn Sina Hospital, Banoon IVF Center, Qena Fertility Center | Infertility | NA |
Ionomycin calcium salt is a well-established research tool for controlled calcium mobilization in live cell assays. Its high specificity for Ca²⁺, ability to activate PKC and MAPK pathways, and its utility in apoptosis and exosome biology make it indispensable in cell signaling and molecular biology research. Suitable for use in immunology, cancer biology, reproductive science, and neurobiology.
- Pack Size: 10mg 5mg 1mg